Polishing creates a smooth and shiny surface by using a chemical action or rubbing. Metallography is a polishing technique, which is used to create a flat and defect-free surface for the examination of a metal's micro structure under a microscope. In the polishing process, silicon based polishing pads or diamond solutions are most commonly used. Polishing protects the metal from rust and weather changes. It is also very popular for its utility in enhancing the beauty of product items with attractive shine and colors.

There are various types of polishes that are used on different types of metals, pots and other decorations so as to provide them with a better and enhanced look. Burnishing is a commonly used technique for pottery decoration wherein the polish is used for finishing of the exterior surface of the pot. Burnishing is done by making use of tools such as spatula made out of bone or wood.

Buffing is a metal polishing technique that is used to create a smooth finish in different types of metals and alloys. They are normally polished till they appear to be shiny, nice and bright.

'Aramula- kannadi' or mirror, as it is called, resembles a glass by its ability to reflect. It is made of an alloy of copper and tin. It is a lengthy process and requires around six months to prepare, during which the alloy is repeatedly polished.

Polishing in stone is done with iron powder, which is used in various graded forms, starting with the thick and on to the thin, until the product begins to shine. Stone images of Temple figures are polished to give this effect.